Who Is at Risk for Developing Low Vision?

Low vision refers to a significant visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected with glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. It can make everyday activities like reading, driving, or recognizing faces difficult. Understanding who is at risk for developing low vision is essential for early detection and prevention.

What Is Low Vision?

Low vision is a term used to describe a significant loss of vision that cannot be fully corrected with standard glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. People with low vision may still have some usable sight but often struggle with everyday activities such as reading, driving, recognizing faces, or seeing fine details. Unlike total blindness, low vision allows for some level of functional vision, and with proper care, adaptive devices, and early intervention, many individuals can continue to maintain independence and quality of life.

What Causes Low Vision?

Low vision is often caused by underlying eye diseases or conditions that damage the retina, optic nerve, or other structures of the eye. Common causes include:

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): The leading cause of vision loss among people over 50, AMD affects the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision.

• Glaucoma: This disease damages the optic nerve and can cause gradual loss of peripheral vision.

• Diabetic retinopathy: High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision impairment.

• Cataracts: Clouding of the eye’s natural lens that causes blurred vision.

• Retinitis pigmentosa: A genetic condition that affects the retina and causes progressive vision loss.

Who Is at Risk?

• Older Adults: The risk of developing low vision increases with age. Conditions like macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma are more prevalent among older adults, making routine eye exams crucial for early detection.

• People with Chronic Health Conditions: Individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or autoimmune disorders are at higher risk for diseases that can cause low vision. Managing these systemic conditions is vital to maintaining eye health.

• Those with a Family History of Eye Disease: Genetics can play a significant role in eye health. If you have close relatives with glaucoma, macular degeneration, or retinitis pigmentosa, your risk of developing low vision is elevated.

• Individuals with Eye Injuries or Infections: Severe eye trauma or untreated infections can cause permanent damage to the eye’s structures, leading to low vision. Wearing proper eye protection and seeking prompt medical care after an injury can help prevent long-term complications.

• Smokers: Smoking increases the risk of macular degeneration, cataracts, and other eye conditions that can contribute to low vision. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce these risks and improve overall eye health.

• People with Poor Nutrition or UV Exposure: Lack of nutrients like vitamin A, lutein, and zeaxanthin can affect eye health. Additionally, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light without proper eye protection can increase the risk of cataracts and retinal damage.

Concerned About Your Vision?

Low vision can impact your independence and quality of life, but early detection and proactive care can make a tremendous difference. By understanding your risk factors and visiting your optometrist regularly, you can protect your vision for years to come.

If you or a loved one are at risk for low vision, contact Advanced Eyecare Consultants to schedule an eye exam and take the first step toward preserving your sight. Visit our office in Libertyville or Lake Zurich, Illinois. Please call (847) 994-4500 or (847) 438-7700 to book an appointment today.